August Hermann Francke, the founder of the Francke Foundation, started to assemble art and natural history objects already during the 17th century. It was used as a school treasury and the objects were used as examples during the lessons. People were also allowed to view the whole collection as a museum like a set of wonders all over the world.

The cabinet was kept and preserved over the years up to today and visitors can now see it in the exhibition room. The collection has many scientific instruments, artistic objects and also a big section of naturalia. It includes a set of minerals, flora, and fauna. The art collection has different exotic items, old manuscripts, wax models, and ethnograpic articles.